Introduction to Management Information System’s
Information
system is as old as recorded human history. In the third millennium B.C, the
earliest use of information system discovered was in a Sumerian temple. The
Sumerians used clay tablets for recording receipts and issues of grains to
individuals, out of the temple grain store. The data storage requirement was
little in those days.
Information
system moved fast towards the growth track in the last few centuries. The
industrial revolution growth gave it a big fillip.
Over
years business grew in size and complexity, from sole trading firms to global
corporations from one or two commodities to several thousand products from
localized operations to global operations, with production facilities and wide
marketing in many countries.
The
chief executive of such a big corporation has to depend on reports, mostly
periodic paper reports for information. It is impossible for him to visit all
his corporation’s facilities, plants and warehouses etc…
Such
a fully fledged information system, requires are organized system to collect
data at source measured with precision, process it immediately and keep all his
files updated to feed the managers, with most current, highly accurate
information, needing massive investment.
Data
is used in the form of raw material and must be subjected to data manipulation
or processing to produce useful information. An information system generates
information using data.
“If the information system generate
information useful for managers in planning and control the whole system is
called ‘Management Information System”.
Management
Information is reported on an exceptional basis for Managerial Decision Making
or Action.
In
1968, Gary Dickson proposed a model of information system development based on
the organization structure and its information needs. He categorized
application systems into:
i)
Clerical system
ii)
Information system
iii)
Decision support system
iv)
Programmed system
NEED OF MIS:
MIS helps the management at various levels
and it is a means of communications where data are collected, processed, stored
and retrieved later for making decisions regarding planning, operation and
control of an organization.
DEFINITIONS:
i)
For providing information
ii)
To support the operations, management
analysis and decision making functions
iii)
Jerome Kantar defines it as: A system
that aids management in making, carrying out and controlling decisions.
iv)
It is a system for producing and
delivering timely information that will support management in accomplishing its
specific task in an enterprise.
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